Berg Adder (Bitis atropos) - Captive care

Although Berg adders can be split into 4 rather distinct groups IE Zimbabwe Highlands, Mpumalanga/Limpopo, KZN Drakensberg and the Cape Fold Mountains, caring for them in captivity is basically the same across all these groups.

At this time there is no information regarding the captive care/breeding of individuals from Zimbabwe Highlands, however it could probably be assumed they would be similar to the Mpumalanga/Limpopo Berg adders in most aspects.

Berg adders are montane specialists, and in captivity will switch between the cover of a grass tussock/bush and a rock hide, even as a night time refuge, so it is recommended that you provide both. In fact using matted grass as a substrate may suit these snakes as they will often dig down into it to sleep under, as well as use this as an ambush position. Berg Adders enjoy higher humidity levels than most species of dwarf adder so be aware of this if you are keeping them in the same room as desert species as they may develop health issues if kept too dry. Winter temperatures across all 3 localities can get to 0° C so these snakes may require a slightly more noticeable winter temperature drop than most other dwarf adder species in order to breed successfully. They will drink from a waterbowl and while they are not known to bite or eat one another it is always safer to house these snakes individually.
Bitis atropos habitat - Western Cape

Certain localities appear to be easier to breed than others. The Mpumalanga/Limpopo Berg adders are the most regularly bred in captivity although this may be due to the fact that they are by far the most commonly kept. They tend to be smaller than the KZN Drakensberg and Cape Berg adders so babies are smaller (up to 125mm) and may require assist feeding with pinky parts or small lizards before switching to full pinks. Mating occurs in late autumn with females give birth in late Spring/Early summer. Litter size ranges from 5 – 12 babies. 

There are a handful of keepers working with the Cape Berg adders though they are infrequently bred. They mate in winter and babies are born in late summer and measure up to 135mm. 

Berg adders from the KZN Drakensberg tend to do well in captivity in the short term but many don’t thrive in the long term, as a result they are bred infrequently. The handful of captive breeding we are aware of indicated the adults mated in early Spring with females giving birth in late summer. Newborns measure approximately 165mm. These Berg Adders are fond of retreating to a grass tussock and in captivity will almost always choose this over a rock hide, so this should be provided for. Be careful not to keep these babies too warm or too dry.

Bitis atropos habitat - Western Cape
Weather - Cape Town (https://en.climate-data.org)
Bitis atropos habitat - Mpumalanga
Weather - Mpumalanga Highveld (https://en.climate-data.org)
Bitis atropos - KZN Drakensberg
Weather - Underberg, KZN (https://en.climate-data.org)

Please note: This information serves only as a suggestion and is based on input from various experienced keepers. It is important that you gather as much info from various sources before deciding how best to care for your snake. Be sure to check with your local authorities what permits may be required in your area.